3rd November 2008

Litmus Answers - November

1) Increased blood sugar levels causes an increase in insulin release. True or False

The answer is true. This means you should be wary of your sugar intake, high levels of sugar intake will have a direct effect on your bodies insulin production which results in a number of physiological responses. The role of insulin is to encourage uptake of glucose by many organs. If sugar is high, insulin release will be high, uptake in the organs of glucose will be high, resulting in a steep crash of glucose and insulin - a crash is felt in the way of an energy lull. Protect against this by monitoring your sugar intake and aiming for balanced blood sugar levels.

2) Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes are graded by severity. Type 1 most severe and type 2 less so. True or False

Absolutely False. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are two different forms of diabetes and have no relationship to severity. Either condition if left untreated or if unmanaged are extremely severe.

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease which results in the destruction of insulin producing cells in the pancreas, resulting in inadequate insulin supply to the body.

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that characteristically brings insulin resistance, insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. 

3) The width of your arm span is the same as your height. True or False?

This is true - go on stand up and try. This is a phenomenon that is described in the Vitruvian man picture that resulted from some of Leonardo Da Vinci’s discoveries of the human body.

4) Increased insulin levels in the blood prevents energy from being drawn from fat stores. Is it True or is it False?

True - again another reason to watch your sugar intake. Remembering question 1. An increase in sugar causes an increase in insulin levels and an increase in the uptake of glucose by the organs. This uptake means the body is primarily running on its glucose supplies rather than through metabolising fat stores. If you are looking to lose some fat stores, you should be trying to keep sugar levels and insulin at bay, it’s not just about the calories, where they come from is also important!

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3rd November 2008

Mysteries of the Deep: exercise tips to help manage back pain - Claire Stocks

So, your exercise physiologist is always telling you to “pull your belly button in”, but I wonder how many of you are left wondering if its really doing all that much, and on occasion I am left wondering if you are getting the desired effect.

As Exercise Physiologists, the reason we tell you to do this is to increase your core stability, and the reason we make you squirm around on the floor doing things like ‘dead bugs’ is it’s just one of the ways to increase the strength in your core muscles in order to achieve this stability.

The whole point of using your core muscle to be ‘stable’ is for better posture, back health and to have a stronger base from which to successfully coordinate movement without pain or risk of injury.

The operation of your core could be likened to a crane on a worksite which needs a stable and flat platform from which to swivel and be able to operate its levers and pulleys without toppling over or buckling under the load of the material it is moving. It is much the same when you are reaching overhead or out in front for an object. If your base of support-ie; your core muscles surrounding your vertebral column-isn’t stable and strong, then you will buckle in the middle-and I’m sure some of you are already aware, your back is the first thing to suffer.

One of the reasons that strengthening your core is so successful at helping back pain is that many of the muscles that act to support and others that directly surround your vertebral column are the ones targeted by core exercises. Making these muscles stronger shares the load more evenly so that all the forces aren’t supported purely by the joints.

One of the larger supporting muscles involved is the Transverse Abdominus (TA). Go ahead-Google it. It stretches across the lower portion of your belly from one side to the other. The reason for pulling in your belly button is you can usually only do this action by contracting your TA. This action creates a tightening effect across the lower portion of your abdomen. In turn, this increases the pressure through the interior of your abdomen, which stabilizes joints around your pelvic and lower back region.

Once strengthened, because everything is held tightly together, there is less chance of something slipping out of place, wobbling around or of straining something that is working over time to compensate. Everything works together in a synchronous group  ensuring that you stay stable enough to be able to successfully carry out challenging tasks in the safest, stable and most productive way possible, pain free.

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3rd November 2008

Beach Volleyball - Barry Rudd

Beach Volleyball can be traced back to the shore line of Santa Monica, California in the 1920’s.  But it has come a long way from the days where clothes were more abundant than skin.  There is no doubt that one of the main draw cards that beach volleyball holds are the bronzed - toned, scantily clad athletes that take the court.  However, beach volley ball is now considered to be a legitimate professional sport and you only have to watch a single match to understand why.
Both the male and female participants launch themselves around the court with lightning speed, and coordination that can rival Wimbledon champions.

So what makes a great beach volleyball player?  What demands are placed on their body? And which skills are valued over others?

Professional Beach Volleyball players possess strength, speed, agility, power, flexibility, finesse and great hand-eye coordination to name a few.
Points are short and fast, rarely lasting 1 minute;  but a match can last between 25 minutes and one and a quarter hours; with only two people to cover the 8×16m court.  Therefore the athletes have to be proficient at using both their power and endurance energy systems.  One single point can involve multi-planar motions, jumps, cuts, reaches, deceleration, reacceleration, absorption of impact – basically all the components of athletic performance

Speed – is needed when navigating around the court to return the ball or pass it too your partner.
Endurance – because the courts surface is sand every movement takes more energy.  Sprinting, jumping and changing direction in sand becomes very difficult and requires the athlete to be very aerobically fit.
Agility – swift changes of direction are essential in beach volleyball as the path of the ball is constantly changing directions.
Power – arguably the most important ability a professional beach volleyball player must possess.  Power is needed in everything from serving a blistering ace; to leaping up at the net and smashing a winner.
Hand-Eye Coordination – needed to win points by successfully passing and returning the volleyball.

Training is varied for professional volleyball players.  If there is a tournament on the weekend, most will train for 5 days during the week; this equals seven days on the sand.  A regular week usually involves between 18-24 hours of training.  This training involves everything from game situations to sprint training on the sand.  It is essential for success that the athletes train their Power-Endurance ability.  This is the ability to jump frequently and without fatigue.  To do this a mixture of squats, jump training, and core strengthening is used.

With all this time spent training the body can wear down.  Due to the softer surface there is less impact in volleyball than other sports such as tennis or netball; however injuries are still widespread.  The most common injuries that plague volleyball players are rotator cuff tears, lower back pain, knee injuries and sprained ankles.  For this reason it is important for the athletes to have a specifically designed and supervises training schedule.

With Beach Volleyball’s addition as an Olympic sport in the 1996 Atlanta games it has gained much deserved credibility.  So next time you spot a game of volleyball being played during your trip to the beach; or even if you come across one while surfing the channels from your couch; take a closer look – Beach Volleyball isn’t just for lifeguards and swimwear models.

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3rd November 2008

Exercise tips to - Bring back the bikini body!! - Lee Clark

As the overcoats and beanie hats begin to be stored away, hopefully leaving the winter behind for another year - It’s time to get in shape, lose a little weight and look great! – On the beach. But how will you achieve this amazing bikini body?? Weight loss and toning are your two main goals…..

So here are a few tips to achieve the perfect bikini body and turn a few heads - in the right direction this summer!

3 tips to get you loosing inches straight away

Make a food diary.
Take a week to record everything you eat – and we mean EVERYTHING!  From finishing your kids cereal bar, left over from their lunch box - to that lonely looking Cherry ripe that could’nt possibly be left on it’s own in the fridge.  Writing down what we eat and drink forces us to be aware of what we’re putting in our mouth. It also gives us an easy way to track our intake and decide what changes we want to make.

Make sure you’re eating for the right reason!
Every time you start to eat or drink, ask yourself one word: Why? Why am I eating this? Am I hungry, tired, bored, stressed, lonely? The correct answer is simple: hunger. If you’re not hungry, don’t eat. Work out what you need to do to satisfy that emotion: Take a nap, read a book, call a friend - just don’t eat if you’re not hungry.

Give yourself a reward!.
Allowing yourself little treats can provide a perfect reward for counting the calories all week or completing that extra 20 minutes at the gym one day.  Give yourself something to look forward to – one or 2 treats a week will help to keep up your motivation and allow you to still enjoy some of your favorite delicacies – but only in moderation!
Start an exercise plan!
Try this 4 week bikini busting workout!
Week 1 - Interval training
Interval training is one of the best ways to burn fat. It involves changing the intensity or level at which you are exercising for a couple of minutes during your workout. For instance, during your 30-minute workout, try running (or walking) at your normal pace for three to five minutes, then run (or walk) at a faster pace for three to five minutes, and slow down to your normal pace again. If you’re working out on the running machine in the gym, run at a normal pace for three to five minutes, then speed up for three to five minutes, and so on. Build up the intervals, so with each high intensity burst you’re working harder than the one before.
By working hard for short periods of time and allowing yourself time to recover, you can push yourself harder than if you tried working at a high intensity for an extended period of time. In working yourself harder, you push your muscles, lungs and heart to their capacity, thereby improving your overall fitness level and, consequently, your body’s ability to burn fat.
Your goal for the week - Three 30 minute interval sessions per week

Week 2 – Say goodbye to cellulite

Cellulite is like any other fat in your body, but the difference is in the way it’s stored. In women’s bodies, the connective tissue that runs between the layers of skin is tighter and closer together than in men’s bodies and, as a result, forms several bucket-shaped chambers. Fat is then stored in these chambers and, once they fill up, the fat protrudes over the top of the chamber, creating lumps and bumps that appear through the skin.
Therefore lengthening muscles and the shape of the fat storing chambers so that the fat is spread more widely across the tissues is less likely to protrude over the top and produce dimply-looking cellulite.  This can be achieved by adding a series of deep stretches to your workout.
Take the 3 stretches (below) to the point where you feel the muscles resist, then hold it, breathe and focus your mind on relaxing and lengthening the muscle. When the feeling of resistance stops, stretch further and do the same thing again until you feel you can’t go any further. The result is increased flexibility, longer muscles and cellulite-free skin.

Inner thigh stretch
Sit on the ground and bring the soles of your feet together, letting your knees drop out to the sides. Then sit up straight, rest your elbows along your inner thighs and gently try to press your knees to the floor.

Hamstring stretch
Sit on the floor with one leg extended in front of you and the other bent so that your foot rests against the inner thigh of the extended leg. Bending from your waist, reach forward towards your toes with your hands, ultimately trying to press your stomach and your chest against your leg.

Gluteal stretch
Lie on the floor with both knees bent and your feet flat on the floor. Cross your right leg over your left knee so that your right ankle is resting on your left knee at a 90-degree angle. Reach forward and wrap your hands around your left thigh so that your hands clasp just under your knee. Lift your left leg so your foot lifts off the ground, and pull your left leg towards you.

Your goal for the week – Three 30 min interval sessions each followed by 15 min deep stretching sessions.

Week 3 – Tone and shape with strength training

Muscles require more energy than fat to function. While fat is simply stored energy in your body and doesn’t require fuel to maintain itself, muscles are active so they need to be fueled in order to function. Even when they are not being used, muscles require fuel to recover from exertion. Consequently, the more muscle you have, the more fuel they need and the more calories you use, or burn.
Start with your larger muscles and then do more specific exercises to target the smaller muscles as well. For instance, to tone the area around your buttocks and thighs, start with exercises such as squats and lunges that use all those muscles together. Then move on to exercises such as leg curls and leg raises that isolate smaller muscles.

Your goal for this week: three 20 minute interval training sessions followed by 20 minutes of strength work. Finish off with 15 minutes of deep stretching.

Week 4 – Cross Training
Cross training uses different muscles each day, which means you’ll be able to work out at an intense level without overstraining your body. It also means you’ll see quick results.
From this point on, you need to take all the exercises you have done for the past three weeks and alternate them so you do different workouts every day. Here’s a sample weekly plan:
Monday: do your strength training and deep stretch workout
Tuesday: do your interval training and stretch workout
Wednesday: day off
Thursday: go back to your strength training and deep stretch workout
Friday: do your interval training workout

After four weeks you should start to feel great and look fantastic – See you on the beach!

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3rd November 2008

Tight Chest - but I have Back Pain some exercise tips to help in management of thoracic tension By Mauricio Bara

But what does having back pain have to do with a tight chest?? As you may be aware, our muscles, joints and skeletal systems are all integrated. Because of this integration when something goes wrong in one area it generally has an affect on other areas. This integration of the musculoskeletal system is one of its greatest assets that your exercise physiologist can exploit to enhance your training and rehabilitation.

“Thoracic Tension” is a term used to describe pain and tension generally concentrated in between and around the shoulder blades. This pain can lead to other problems such as lower back pain and /or neck pain plus increasing the chances of shoulder instability or injury. The cause for this musculoskeletal issue is unknown; it is believed that poor posture in everyday activities such as sitting at a desk for long periods of time with a slumped posture. This slumped posture causes the large chest muscles – pectorals and anterior shoulder muscles (deltoids) to become tight and further exacerbate the poor posture. From this position the shoulder blades are opened up and it increases the likelihood of tighter upper shoulder muscles. However it is not all bad news, the good news is that with a little hard work and vigilance. A few really great exercises and stretches are listed below:

Seated Row:

This is a great exercise because it emphasizes correct posture and helps to open up the chest while strengthening the muscles that get weakened by the poor posture associated with thoracic tension.

1.    On at cable machine, start with seating yourself far enough back that you when lean forward to grasp the handle.
2.    Seat upright, contract your abs (pull your abs towards your spine)
3.    Contract the muscles inbetween your shoulder blades pulling your shoulders back
4.    Pull your elbows to your side; keeping shoulders back.
Start with a weight that you can do 12 reps with correct technique.

Pec Major Stretch:

A fantastic stretch to aid in alleviating this tension, as well as increasing range of motion within the shoulder

1.    Place elbows at shoulder height along either side of the door way.
2.    Lean through the doorway leading with your chest while keeping neutral spine
3.    Hold the stretch for 15 to 20 seconds.
4.    Repeat 3 times.

Myofascial Release:

This stretch is uses a roller to release the tension that may be within those muscles

1.    Place roller underneath you, Lie down with the roller positioned at about mid shoulder blade height.
2.    Stretch your arms overhead and slowly roll over the roller and stopping at areas that you feel are tense.
3.    Hold this for 10 to 15 seconds.

Scapula Squeezes:

This is a great exercise to begin with, this exercise works on at neuromuscular level; it aids in increasing your own awareness of your posture and muscle activation (proprioception a concept that will be covered in future articles).

1.    Start by sitting upright, abs drawn in
2.    Pull your shoulders back slightly
3.    Then imagine that you have a pen in between your shoulder blades squeeze your shoulder blades together and keep the pen there. Contract the muscles in between your shoulder blades to do this.
4.    Do 3 sets of 12 to begin with.

The prevalence of this musculoskeletal issue is currently unknown; however it can be assumed that with the high percentage to the adult population that spends 4 or more hours in front of a screen. It could be assumed that there is a large population that is afflicted. However the good news is that it is manageable and by consulting your exercise physiologist they would be able to prescribe a program that would help manage the symptoms.

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6th October 2008

Corporate Health is Wealth in the workplace - By Mauricio Bara

With credit crunches and global economic downturn, what better time is there to address the important issue of employee and employer health?!? Since the 1980’s employers and academics have been looking at the impact of an employee’s health (good or poor) on their performance at work and thus productivity.  So how is that an employee’s work limitations are measured? And how is this information used to increase employee/ corporate health and productivity? Many companies use health risk appraisals such as the world health organizations work and health performance questionnaire (similar to the online health check that The Lab currently operates) in order to determine the health risk factors that can or do affect the employees productivity. Reasons for this are that if we are not feeling 100% we are not likely to be functioning at 100%. Think back to a time that you went into work feeling a little less energetic or worried about a child or spouse who was sick at the time; did you work as hard as you normally did?

Loss of productivity can be classified as a) presenteeism - not focused on the job because of a health factor or  b) absenteeism - absence from work due to a legitimate reason. Of the two, studies show that presenteeism can account for 84% of productivity costs and absenteeism account for the remaining 16%. Additionally, presenteeism is more highly associated with differing health risk factors such as obesity (based on BMI), physical activity levels, and mental health issues such as depression or stress plus cardiovascular conditions such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol. In general, studies have found that for every health risk an employee has, they present with a 1.9% decrease of productivity.

Several large companies provide employees with health education and behavioral programs and also on the job physical activity/exercise programs as part of interventions to decrease loss of productivity from increased health risks. These programs are backed by solid scientific evidence showing that employees classified as low risk or those who decrease their risk classification show increases in productivity of 2.0% per risk modified. By taking this information on board companies can not only improve employee health, but also workforce productivity and therefore boost their bottom line. Methods of increasing worker health include:

➢    Health promotion and health education programs
➢    Exercise/ physical activity programs
➢    Behavioral adaptation/modification programs

Exercise/physical activity programs have been shown to have great benefit on many aspects of health including in the areas of stress and psychosocial issues such as depression.

All companies should be taking head of health at work and be considering the value proposition that scientific study has proven. Why not mention it to your employer, if they start health program at work you will be thanking them for the opportunity and they will be thanking you for the results!

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6th October 2008

Adding Sports to your weight loss training - Barry Rudd

Endless weeks filled with gym sessions interspaced with the odd jog can take its toll one even the most imaginative mind.  A great way to break up the monotony is to start a new sport, or even pick up an old one again.  The addition of a sport to your health and fitness regime can be invaluable.  They allow you to mix up you week, make your fitness a lot more fun, meet new people, increase energy levels and prolong your motivation.  Because there are thousands of different sports out there, you can choose one that suites any of your wants or needs.

They can be done on your own, with your partner or with a group of friends.  You can choose a sport that will help increase your strength, aerobic capacity or help with your weight loss.

Below is some information and descriptions of four sports that can easily be added to your weekly routine; whether over the weekend or throughout the week.

Kayaking

Kayaking is the perfect choice for somebody that is cooped up in an office all week and wants to get out amongst the great outdoors; and as the weather warms up it becomes more and more fitting addition to anyone’s fitness routine

Weather permitting; kayaking is a great day out, either by yourself or with a group of friends.

Kayaking is great for increasing upper body strength and endurance, as well as relaxing your mind.

River Life located on the river at Kangaroo Point in Brisbane offers kayaking tours seven days a week that are guided by qualified and experienced instructors.  For more information you can visit their website at www.riverlife.com.au

Rock-Climbing

Another great choice for someone wanting to increase their upper body strength, as well as adding some core control into the equation, is rock-climbing.  Rock-climbing also requires great balance and technique; as well as an aspect of mental toughness.  It can be great to do with your partner or with a group of friends.  The other great thing feature is that it can be done during the day, or during the evening; on a weekday or the weekend.

Indoor Rock-climbing also takes the weathers variability out of the equation.

Urban Climb is a huge indoor climbing gym located in Brisbane’s West End.  For more information regarding them check out their website www.urbanclimb.com.au

Mixed Touch Football

Touch footy is a great sport for increasing aerobic fitness, and the high intensity of games really lend themselves towards weight loss.  It may take a short amount of time to learn the ropes; but what new sport doesn’t.  Mixed social competitions are great ways to have fun with larger groups of people from both genders; while not dwelling too much on the competitive side of things.

You could enter a team from work to enjoy a bit of bonding, or even get a group of your teammates together for some off-season fitness.  Most competitions are run on evenings during the week and because of the large numbers of participants costs are kept to a minimum.

There are social competitions with ‘mixed’ divisions throughout Brisbane and the surrounding area.  Just check out your local sporting clubs for more information.

Social Netball

Netball has similar benefits to that of Touch Football.  However, because the different positions on the court require different skills and abilities, it can suit groups of people with varying fitness levels.

Netball is a great workout both mentally and physically.  It is a great tool for increasing fitness and weight loss, while still suiting somebody who is just looking for a fun evening.

Again, Social Netball is normally run on an evening mid-week, and the costs are relatively low.  To find out more about the requirements to enter a team just contact one of your local sporting clubs, or local council.

(a small warning for people with knee or ankle issues: the fast stopping, starting and changes of direction during a netball game may put some unwanted pressure on these joints; so if netball looks like a good fit for you, make sure you ease into it.

Your options are not limited by the activities highlighted above, there are thousands to choose from (tennis, volleyball, indoor soccer, hiking, karate etc.).  Have a look around your local area for sporting clubs; or check online at websites such as www.ourbrisbane.com .  Don’t be scared to get out there and give it a go; and if you find that one sport doesn’t fit your style, just give another a go.  You’ll be surprised how much fun, fitness and stress relief can be gained from a little extra activity throughout your week.  So what are you waiting for; get out there and get amongst it.

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6th October 2008

Under the Microscope! Name: Lee Duncan


1.    Your profession?

Accountant

2.    Where do you work?

Perrier Ryan Business Advisors

3.    Years in business?

2 1/2

4.    What typically do you deal with in business?

Accounting and Tax Returns

5.    Do you have long standing clients?

I don’t have any personally but the firm has

6.    What do people say about you?

I’m hard but fair.  Also that I have a warped sense of humour

7.    What does no one know about you?

If I tell you than it wont be a secret

8.    If you weren’t doing what you do now what would you be doing?

As I love cricket and footy my dream would to be the groundsman at the MCG

9.    If you had one key skill, what would it be?

Attention to detail

10.    How long have you been training?

3 - 4 months

11.    What do you like about training with us?

The trainers and the one on one time that they spend with you.

The structured and varied program Is great and makes you want to come back the next week.

12.     What made you start with us?

With a little help from others I realised that I needed to make a change.  With the little progress made already I have a whole new perspective on life.

13.    What has been your biggest training achievement to date?

Reaching my first weight target which was exciting, even though it was only a little step in the overall journey

14.    What would you say to others to get them moving and start training with the lab?

Just do it. Don’t tell yourself that you cant

15.    Do you have any health and fitness objectives?

Attempt to live a fit and healthy life. I don’t want my weight to restrict any future possibilities that may arise

16.    Any words of wisdom to share with the rest of our clients?

Every little step counts……

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6th October 2008

Litmus Test - October Answers

1) Ever been guilty of wandering hands? There is actually a condition called alien hand syndrome where a person becomes disconnected from the actions of one of their hands. True or False?

Amazing and true - this condition usually comes about following some sort of brain injury. People report a feeling of disconnectedness from their hand and can be unsure of what it is doing. It can even start performing random tasks like unbuttoning a shirt or other sorts of mischief. There is no known cure and the best thing to do apparently is give it something to play with that is harmless!

2) Wednesday is the most dangerous day of the week with more heart attacks happening than any other day. True or False?

Actually no, this is false. Monday is statistically the most dangerous day of the week with more heart attacks occurring than any other. This is put down to excessive drinking over the weekend and the Monday morning work stress.

3) Philtrum is a piece of equipment used to play the spanish guitar. True or False?

Erm, no this is false too. The philtrum is the indent on the upper lip under the nose. Believed to be one of the most erogenous parts of the body by ancient greeks.

4) Three hundred million cells die in your body every minute. True or False?

Yes this is True. Whilst this sounds like an awful of, don’t worry, it actually works out to be about 0.0001% of the amount that is being replaced daily.

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6th October 2008

The Age Factor: what a personal trainer can do to help beat time– by Alister Murray

William Shakespeare was one who understood the distaste of aging when he quoted:

“a moist eye, a dry hand, a yellow cheek, a white beard, a decreasing leg, an increasing belly . . . your voice is broken, your wind is short, your chin double, your wit single, and every part about you blasted with antiquity.”

What Shakespeare is observing is that the ageing process takes its toll on almost every facet of physiological function. In this article I will explore what the factors are behind this process and why it can feel like Shakespeare espouses.  

After the age of 30, and sometimes earlier, most physiological functions decline at a rate of about 0.75 – 1% per year. This decline in physical capacity is characterised by a decrease in:

  • Aerobic capacity
  • Maximal cardiac output
  • Muscle strength and power
  • Flexibility
  • Increase in body fat

Looking at these physical parameters, its not hard to see why ageing has such an impact to our overall longevity and quality of life. Just consider how much we rely on these parameters during daily living.

Good Aerobic capacity is needed to help sustain activity and workflow during the day. It is also vital for resilience to the repeated bouts of heavy workloads we place on our body. Maximal cardiac output determines how much blood our heart can pump under any given situation, which ultimately effects our ability to circulate oxygen and fresh nutrients around the body. Muscle strength, power and flexibility will determine how well our bodies withstand the rigours of daily activities, as well as control our risk of injury.

These parameters are relied upon during every second of our existence so its possible that just a small decrease in each, like what happens with ageing, can be enough to make life tougher on our physical being. Daily activities like negotiating stairs, getting out of a chair and carrying groceries or bags can feel distinctly harder with ageing. But does it have to be this bad? Can we somehow make this process a little more manageable and a little less scary. Lets take a look.

Everyday, more research is being conducted into the process of ageing. This is done in the attempt to identify the underlying factors and investigate ways in which we can retard its debilitating effects.

At the centre of this research are the factors that influence the natural process of ageing. These Include:

  • Lifestyle factors
  • Environmental factors
  • Genetic factors           
  • Disease

The presence of disease in the human body is one factor that can have a powerful influence on the ageing process. It is so closely associated with ageing that it can also characterise this process. An example of this is that diseases such as osteoarthritis are so common in the elderly that they are sometimes considered a normal part of ageing. These diseases alter the natural process of ageing and  make it difficult to measure its stand alone effects on the human body.

Another influencer on ageing is the all important Genetic Factor. Of particular concern with genetic factors is how well our cells function and reproduce without potentially harmful mutation or decay. When cells reach the end of their lifespan a turnover occurs where old is replaced with new. During this process, slight mutations can occur which will have an effect on how well the new cell functions compared with the old. This is a complex process and well beyond the scope of this article, but the flow on effect of this mutation is immense.

Every bodily process is born from cellular activity meaning that slight changes in this activity or function will have a profound effect on our body. With the emergence of modern medicine and genetic engineering, there are many questions being posed on how we can use this technology to alter the natural process of ageing.

Many of these questions remain unanswered and for the moment are out of our control. But what we can control are the other factors that have a strong influence how we age; Lifestyle and Environment. Factors like poor diet, exposure to harmful chemicals or toxins, and lack of physical activity all lead to impairment and loss of function at cellular levels. This variance in cellular activity can lead to an increased risk of disease, cancer and other impairments, thus impacting on how well we age.

In fact, four of the top five causes of death in this country (heart disease, lung disease, stroke and cancer) are directly influenced by these lifestyle factors. This further highlights the importance of controlling lifestyle factors to improve our chances of survival, enabling us to live life to the fullest in the absence of disease or impairment. 

There is no doubt that healthy living will improve our chances of living longer and stronger. But can we control these factors to the extent of retarding or even reversing the ageing process itself? Its an inviting question that deserves more investigation and recent research is suggesting that in some parts of the body this may be possible.

Stay tuned for my follow up article where I will explore the deeper effect of these lifestyle factors on delaying the ageing process and in some cases, reversing it. 

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